Emotional Quotient And Spiritual Intelligence In The Workplace Essay Example for Free

stirred up Quotient And Spiritual cognition In The Workplace EssayAs the world progresses and advances towards globalization, the global economic system is demanding for the existence of well- exertd companies and system of ruless. Responding to this demand, organizations ar trying to find more effective formula that will enhance or improve their outputs. Two of the latest discoveries that attract companies and organizations atomic number 18 the excogitations of wound up and spiritual development of their human resources. More and more companies are integrating the said formula in their programs and action plans as they recognize the wish of these concepts that were long been neglected. In this paper, we will analyze the arguments of two chosen articles which focus on Emotional Intelligence (Must Have EQ by Anthony Landale) and Spiritual Intelligence (The Practical Application of Spiritual Intelligence in the Workplace by Mike George). Anthony Landale, in his article ent itled Must Have EQ, argued that Emotional Intelligence or EQ (Emotional Quotient) the key for an organization to meet the challenge of getting people playact together more effectively (Landale, Andrew Feb/March 2007, summon 24).In line with this, the author presented his stand in four egest points. First, he argued that EQ is vital in keeping the organization or squad members intact. Second, he argued that each team member must be able to learn how to manage our emotions by constantly checking our own undivided behaviors. Landale made it easy that behaviors are innate in humans and that every person has his own set of good and bad behaviors. Relative to this, a person who has high emotional experience is able to manage even the undesirable behaviors by expressing them in the right place, time and manner.Third, Landale argued that EQ development requires empathy, which is putting hotshotself in the place of others. This representation that one is required to constantly deal with others at work, learn to adjust as needed and be able to adapt with the situation. Lastly, the author upset that intercourse is vital in the development of emotional intelligence and of keeping the organization healthy. To be able to do this, every member must maintain an receptive and honest communication. It was withal stressed that a two-way communication line is required which means that feedback to and from management must be kept operative.Emotional intelligence is therefore measured according to the persons skill of managing his or her emotions and behaviors because EQ is actually Self-Management. In partnership with EQ, a company must also train its human resources to develop Spiritual Intelligence (SQ). The author centered his arguments on the practical applications of SQ especially in the workplace because SQ development focuses on the ternion deepest motivations of humans creativity, meaning and purpose (George, Mike 2006, page 3).The author argued that since Spiritual Intelligence directly work with these three human motivations, SQ development will decidedly make a company a vibrant workplace. If a persons SQ is well-developed, he will be able to prolong a clear sense of his identity and a definite purpose. Spiritual intelligence enables a person to live with integrity by setting a good example. Because SQ gives the individual the power the flexibility to adapt to the environment, a person with high SQ is able to be cool and focused even in a stressful situation.By developing ones self-awareness, a person with high SQ also will leave the power to find the cause of his emotions, its meanings and be able to manage them. This in turn will develop ones empathy. Spiritual intelligence focuses on the development on a persons aptitude to fight the ego in order for him to adapt to changes. Finally, development of spiritual intelligence enables a person to recognize the non-material reality of his being that is humans ready non-material of necessity which when recognized alleviates lifes insecurity.If cognitive intelligence is round thinking and emotional intelligence is about feeling, then spiritual intelligence is about being (McMullen, Brian 2003). In line with the arguments of Landale and George, this statement is parallel with their point of view that EQ has something to do with self-management while SQ deals with self-awareness of the non-material reality of the being. In the modern world, people are inclined to boosting their cognitive intelligence (IQ) as this may seem the measuring device for ones success in life.But the real working world does not acknowledge the importance of IQ alone, rather the development of all four basic intelligences that define the successful individual. IQ appears to be colligate to minimum standards to enter a given a profession (Wiggleswoth, Cindy ). In line with Landales claim that EQ is of managing emotions, a study of store managers in retail chain proved that efficient man agement of emotions especially with stress is important for success (Cherniss, Cary 2000). However Cherniss stressed that this is just one aspect of the building complex scope of emotional intelligence.He said that emotional intelligence has as much to do with knowing when and how to express emotion as it do with irresponsible it. This statement corroborates Landales idea that EQ is of acknowledging and identifying the emotions and learning how to express them in a proper behavior (Landale, Andrew 2007, page 24). The importance of this aspect of EQ was proven worthwhile in modern organizations as with the experiment done in the US navy wherein researchers found that the most effective leaders in the US Navy were warmer, more outgoing, emotionally expressive, dramatic, and sociable (Barsade, S. t. al 1998).Another aspect of emotional intelligence is empathy which is proven by researchers that it contributes to occupational success (Cherniss, Cary 2000). This is the aspect that over laps with the concept of spiritual development which also acknowledges the importance of empathy in recognizing the cause of the emotions and be able to utilize them in adapting to changes. EQ is the development of the capacity for self-control and the faculty to respond with sensitivity and empathy (Oxford Leadership Academy).This is also important if a manager or someone in the organization would like to positively influence the work behaviors of other members. A practical application of this as cited in one article is that ones effectiveness can influence others depending on ones ability to connect with them particularly of understanding the feelings of others (Goleman, Daniel 1999). To effectively influence others we also need to be able to manage our own emotions.Connected to EQ development is the spiritual intelligence which centers on developing the skills of the person in managing the inner self or the non-material reality of ones being as claimed by George. One author defi ned spiritual intelligence as the ability to behave with Compassion and Wisdom while maintaining inner and outer public security (equanimity) regardless of the circumstances (Wigglesworth, Cindy).Since compassion encompasses the ability to understand the feelings of others, as what empathy suggests, the concepts of EQ and SQ therefore work together towards the complete success of a person and the organization where he belongs. The practical point of this is that when someone is emotionally and spiritually intelligent, he will be able to make the most out of his skills, emotions, behaviors and traits in managing himself and in turn will give him the power to positively connect with others.That optimism is brought about by the fact that the person, with empathy and compassion, understands the emotions of others which give him the ability to stay calm and focused no matter what the situation brings. Relative to Georges argument that spiritual intelligence in necessary for a person to live a life with integrity and in line with the clear purpose, one author has the same perspective. According to 1Wigglesworth, spiritual intelligence development encompasses self and universal awareness including the ego and accessible mastery.In the management world, spiritually intelligent manager is a wise and effective change agent who makes compassionate and wise decisions. Wigglesworth further said that SQ enables managers to have the calming and healing presence in the midst of stressful workplace. In contrast with George who did not acknowledge the importance of communication in the development of SQ, Landale stressed that EQ development requires a manager to prioritize the giving and receiving of feedbacks (Landale, Anthony 2007).Connecting with other members of the organization builds and cultivates relationships and that can only be possible when open communication is alert in the organization. Putting the essentials of emotional and spiritual intelligence, we clearly draw out the idea that the development of these basic intelligences focus on relationships which is especially important in building an effective, efficient working environment. The human resources of the organization are its most valuable assets so it is vital that that training and development should include the wholeness of their being.Companies of the modern economy is already recognizing the fact the business is not all about making money, rather it encompasses the building of organization members with multiple intelligence. An organization with personnel, especially leaders, who have well developed cognitive, emotional and spiritual intelligence, is a happy and enthusiastic working environment. Developing the emotional and spiritual intelligence is the answer to the intangible needs of the organization healthy working relationships.

Factors That Restrict Success Within Youth Sport

Factors That Restrict Success Within youth Sport circumstances 1 With reference to the theory under aimn in this module, evaluate the learn factors that restrict success within youth gasconade.Theory that has already been undertaken in this module includes dilate of the factors that restrict success in Youth Sport. Factors that assimilate been researched prior to this piece of work atomic offspring 18 Participation Rates, Support Structures, Maturation Rates, Talent Identification and check Sport Competition. Follows, go away be a circumstantial report underpinning three of these factors and it will stress why they each restrict success in Youth Sport. Youth is another common title for a young mortal or young good deal (Konopka, G., 1973). People have divergent views on how they would fix variant, people suggest that sport is an activity governed by rules or customs and often imbibed combatively whilst others suggest differently. Sporting people have different attit udes when it comes to playing sport. Sportsmanship is an attitude that strives for fair play, courtesy toward teammates and opp unitarynts, ethical behaviour and integrity, and grace in victory or defeat (Fish and Magee 2003). Sports be most often vie just for fun or for the simple fact that people need exercise to stay in good visible condition. Although they do not forever and a day succeed, sports participants are expected to display good sportsmanship, standards of conduct such as being respectful of opponents and officials. The three factors that will be that will be detailed are Relative Age Effects, Talent Identification and Significant Others. These seem to be the most contrasting factors that restrict success thus there will be outcome of an understanding from different views and aspects of the sporting world for youths.Depending on the dates of a childs birth, they will be in either one season or the other to determine what school year they will be entering. For sport s shammers, physical appearance is an agenda when it comes to selecting players off an appearance basis and measuring biological maturity is a way of finding best players (Vaegans et al 2005). Youths that are involved in sport must be adequately prepared for a keep in sport Long Term Athlete Development (LTAD) provides a model that they can work from.Phase 1 FUNdamentals (FUN)Objective TO show FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLSContent Overall relegatement, focusing on the ABCs (Agility, Balance, Coordination, Speed) to underpin the generic skills used in many sports Running, jumping and throwing. oftenness bring about physical activity 5-6 times per week.Phase2 Learning to Train (L2T)Objective TO LEARN FUNDAMENTALS SPORTS SKILLSContent Concentration on the range of FUNdamental sports skills, such as throwing, catching, jumping and running.Introduction to readiness being mentally and physically prepared.Basic FUNdamental tactics, e.g. if fielding, net/wall, invasion games can be introduced.Cognitive and emotional developments are centralSkills are practised in challenging formatsFrequency As above. If there is a favoured sport, it is suggested that at least 50% of the time is allocated to other sports/activities that develop a range of skills.Phase3 Training to Train (T2T)Objective TO BUILD FITNESS SPECIFIC SPORTS SKILLSContent This phase ideally occurs post-puberty and attention switches toFitness Training detailed mental preparationA focus on sport-specific skill development, including perceptual skills (reading the game/tactical understanding).Decision makingDetailed and extensive evaluationFrequency For the aspiring performer, sport specific practice will now be 6-9 times per week.Phase 4 Training to Compete (T2C)Objective TO REFINE SKILLS FOR A SPECIFIC EVENT OR POSITIONContent Event and position specific trainingPhysical conditioningTechnical and tactical preparation modernistic mental practiceAll of the above come together and are developed u nder ambition conditions.Frequency Training could be up to 12 timesper week.Phase5 Training to Win (T2W)Objective TO MAXIMISE PERFORMANCE IN COMPETITIONContent Development and refinement of the aspects above, but with more use in competition modelling and more attention to rest periods and prevention of injury due to heavier load.Frequency Training could be up to 15 times per weekPhase6 RetainmentFor athletes/players retiring from competitive sport, many sports are developing Masters Programmes. An additional phase retainment- keeps the players/athletes involved in physical activity. Experiences gained as competitors can be invaluable, should they move into administration, instruct or officiating.A move to another sport, perhaps at a more recreational level, may better suit some.There are consequences that the sports psyche could be faced with as well as the advantages and disadvantages. According to research it has been ready that approximately 70% of successful hockey an d football players had a relation age advantage because they were innate(p) in the first-half of the defined age-group for their respective sports. By comparison, unless 30% of these top-level players were born in the last 6 months of the respective sport year. One consequence that has been found is an increased drop-out rate for those youthful hockey players that had been disadvantaged by age in the past (Barnsley Thompson 1988), suggesting that given the choice, jr. children will seek to leave or avoid an activity in which their competitive position is hampered by their relative age. Interestingly and predictably, the relative age meat has in addition been found in other competitive sports such as baseball (Thompson et al 1991).Steven Gerrard was affected as a youth when it came to playing football and furthering his career. Follows is a prime example of how he overcome his relative age effect.Steven Gerrard, one of Englands most givinged footballers, was born in May 1980 an d was also a late developer. He describes in his autobiography his huge disappointment at not getting into the FA school at Lilleshall and subsequently not playing for England under-16s. Michael Owen, born some six months earlier in December and more physically developed made both squads easily. Steve Gerrard wrote in his autobiography The one nagging motion in the back of my mind was that my rivals were bigger I was really small and facing some tall, significant units in my position. Steven resented his rejection but had coaches and mentors at Liverpool who knew he need more time.Significant others can be described as the people who are around the sports performer. There are 4 sectors Technical, Peers, Family and Supporters. These are also the key inter psycheal support factors that affect a young persons participation and progress in sport. The technical others are the people who see the person as a sports performer. They could be their coach, teacher, club official, sport sci encetist or medical health sciencetist. Peers are made up of people such as friends, classmates and team mates. Family is made up of parents, grandparents and siblings. Finally, supporters are people such as fans and neighbours. All 4 sectors have some form of impact on the sports player whether it is a big one or a small one. Parents are major part for the youths life. It is the parent that has brought the child up and it is their duty, by nature, to mould the child into a young burnished adolescent. Parents have empathy for their children, perceived sharing their childrens on court emotions. They are perceived to possess knowledge and expertise of the sport so they feel entitled to comment. They also have a continuum of reactions throughout their childs sport, good and bad. In-game interdict comments are usually about 10%. (Holt et al 2008). Significant others can have a negative impact on the sports performer. These effects could include dropping out of sport all together. This could be caused by pressuring parents, lack of peers during adolescence and sibling rivalries. The parents could be either really demanding of the child and either expect too much of them in their sport or could be too strict towards them. Eccles and Harold (1991) proposed the parents expectations influence the child decision to engage in sport and activities including the intensity of effort expended and their childs actual performance level. Next is an extract which is a study examining parental influence on childrens participation in sport, giving an idea why the parents could restrict success in Youth Sport.X. Yang et al (1997) states The purpose of this study was to examine parental influences on childrens participation in sport and their later physical activity. The population for the study consisted of a random sample of 1881 9- to 15-year-old boys and girls who were exposed to the extensive research program called Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns in 1980. They and their p arents have been followed up for twelve long time at three-year intervals by means of a short questionnaire concerning physical activity and other factors. The results indicated that the fathers physical activity in 1980 was related to their childrens habitual physical activity in the same year, and gave in boys and girls a significant prediction of PAI values twelve years later when the starting point was the age of 9, and also among boys from 15 years of age to 27. During the three years follow-up period, the extent of participation in sport was higher in families with active parents than in families with passive parents and single parents. The relationship of physical activity and sports participation with fathers socioeconomic status and education was not strong as with fathers physical activity.Talent Identification is a where a talent is found in a person. In this case it is when a talent is found in a Youth. There are different processes in which talent identification can be used in gild to find potential sports persons. Scouts are trained talent evaluators who travel extensively for the purposes of watching athletes play their chosen sports and determining whether their set of skills and talents represent what is needed by the scouts organization. Many scouts are former coaches or retired players, while others have made a career just of being scouts. Skilled scouts who help to determine which players will fit in well with an organization can be the major difference between success and failure for the team with regard to wins and losses. Talent can not only be identified by an official spectator, it can be identified by standard spectators e.g. team mates, coach, teachers. It can also be identified by parents and grandparents. If the non-official spectators were to recognise a talent within a Youth playing Sport then they could hold the boost that the player needs in order to further themselves in their chosen sport. If the non-official spectator fail s to let on to the sports person then it could restrict them from being successful in sport. UK Sport holds a number of talent identification programmes for youths and generally people aged 17-25. These are Pitch 2 Podium, Sporting Giants and Girls4Gold. UK Sport (2008) and the English Institute of Sport (EIS)began asearch for highly competitive sportswomen with the potential to become Olympic champions in cycling and other targeted Olympic sports (bob skeleton, canoeing, modern pentathlon, rowing and sailing). Girls4Gold is the single most extensive female sporting talent recruitment drive ever undertaken in Great Britain.Girls4Gold can only take a number of people onto their programme, same with any other programme. spare-time activity the tremendous success of Team GB at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the Girls4Gold team received over 1300 applications and cant take on anymore applicants until the following(a) opening. This could be a restriction in itself because this program me could be missing out on extreme sports people including male participants. This is only available for females and therefore could hold a feature which a sporting male might need for success but doesnt have on offer anywhere else on their sporting grounds.After summarising the three factors discussed in this essay, it is clear that they all hold possible restrictions for success in Youth Sport. Relative age effects take a greater approach to the physical side of the sports people body, as the older the sports person is, the more mature and developed their body is and the younger the person is the less developed they are. This could be a restriction when it comes to team games more than it could be a restriction to playing sport individually. This means that the player could have more chances of becoming successful in an individual sport rather than a team sport. The restriction depends on what the players sport is and which school year the player is born into. Significant others c an be a restriction in itself depending on who the significant others are around the sports player. Provided that there are the right people, technically as well as emotional and mentally, the then player could be stable and could be successful. However, if those people arent in place to give the young sports person the interpersonal support they need then they could be self reluctant to take up opportunities in order to be successful. Talent identification is the chief(prenominal) key to success in sport. If the payer is not recognised then the player is not faced with the opportunity to make their sport official or even turn it into a career for themselves. With this it could be argued that the sports person should not take chances and wait to be noticed and that they should help themselves be acknowledged by talent identifier. This is when they could apply for programmes such as Girls4Gold. This is when it could be make or break for the sports player, as sometimes they are not a lways faced with people on the search for talent.

Overview of Translation and Translation Training

Overview of Translation and Translation TrainingLITERATURE REVIEWBackground of comment (300w)According to Newmark (1988), adaptation is a form of trying the meaning of information from a language (usually called source language) into an different language (usually called backside language) following the intention of the author, the purpose of the information themselves and the demand of the score languages acquireers. Translation, sometimes, is a definition employ for both written and oral transferring however, it is considered as written information transferring more often. Oral transferring refers to interpretation. In this research, we define interpreting as the transferring process of written information from a source language into a nonher target language, which privy convey its original tone and message and blind the bar of cultural and regional diversity between the two languages.There be now available two popular orders of deracination semantic translation and communicatory translation. It is classified so based on the comparison in meaning and contents with the source languages texts. Semantic translation is considered as faithful translation, this translation method looks on the author, his/her words choice, structure and expression atomic number 18 saved carefully. Whereas, communicative translation looks on the readers, the purpose of this method is to give information, so the translator should render the meaning and the aim of the article. There are also other methods of translation, such as word for word translation, literal translation, faithful translation, adaption, free translation, idiomatic translation, etc.The function or the nature of translation, similar to language is to communicate. As a result, a true translator should non only choose one equal method for the text or only focus on transferring the messages from one language into another. A good translator can, however, retort those to the readers of the target lan guage and repose the both cultures and regions in his/her translation. To meet this demand, a translator should understand the pen of the target language thoroughly and know the socio-cultural situation of the text deeply. According to Harris Brian (1976), translation should continue to be practiced in our secondary schools and might even be extended in some places to primary school. Being a good translation, a learner has no choice but practicing to improve his/herself.Background of translation training (700w)Wu Lei (1999) defined translation training as a process where the application program of translation theories is widely spread or delivered to linguistic learners. To clarify the importance of translation, Wu Lei has taken an example in China, where translation is an intrinsic element in industrialization and modernisation process of the country. Moreover, translation shows its influence in analyze the professional of linguistic learners. Their profession in translation re flects the abilities of them in both their mother tongue and the foreign languages because, a learner imbibe to master at least both of the languages to ensure becoming a translator. In conclusion, people realize the roles of translation in both linguistic training and in the distribution of a country.Although translation has appeared and marked its importance for thousand historic period with the mission of contributing the world, motivating knowledge discovery, enhancing homophile life as a mean for communicating and interacting among cultures and regions translation studies has just been recognized since the 20th century. It is no doubt that translation training is unsounded included in the new area to guide, in compare with its appearance and its undeniable roles in the development of human being.In China, translation is taught, generally, in the third year, after linguistic students of a university finish their advanced writing courses or after they finish the course sli ghtly 4-basic face skills in China. In compare with Vietnam, the linguistic students can also have a chance to study translation and theories of translation in the low gear year like Schools of Foreign languages or Hanoi University. It is taught so because the students may cope with many another(prenominal) difficulties in translation learn if their four basic English skills is not professional. In attachment, translation training in the early year just focuses on translating materials from other languages into the translators mother tongue. Not until the development of industrialization and modernization process in some countries, particularly in asia, happens, does translating from the translators mother tongue into other languages catch more attention.Despite the awareness of people somewhat translation roles in modern time, translation methodology and training faces many difficulties. The experts understand that translation must concentrate on the cultural difference or, i n other words, it is that translation into target language should be accurate, accurate means that ensuring the whole meanings of sentences or a document, and the cultural suitability of the translated texts. A translator must act sure that they have a wide range of background knowledge about every field and area and master all the linguistic skills required.Nowadays, translation precept is clearly illustrated in two main ways. The first way is that the lecturer first gives the piece of writing for the students to translating. After that, the students will translate it into the target language and explain the methodology they use and skill related to the exercises. The second way, theories and methodologies are delivered to the learners first, then, they will use them to translate a given text. These two methods still have their disadvantages, especially, they base on the profession of the lecturers. A lecturer should have knowledge on all aspects of the world and master all transl ating skill and theories to deliver them to their learners correctly and effectively it says that, a lecturer has to be extremely hard- creaming and excellent. Moreover, it expresses the limitation in learning materials, self-practicing and human resources. The problem is that learners who want to improve themselves cannot just rely on their lecturers but on practicing itself.In call of reference resources, students could get the information in parallel texts. Printed dictionaries, company sites and specialized press in improver to online dictionaries. These tools can be a convenient guide during translation processing, along with in-class activities, for terminology and documentation purposes.In general, due to the shortage of materials and research about translation training until now, the resources about how to learn and to teach translation at university are still limited, except for practicing and improving oneself.The roles of human in translation process is undeniable, how ever, writing in his research about Machine Translation over fifty years, John Hutchins (1976) said that, although internet and engine room in 20th century is not developed enough to meet the need of people in translating fields, machine translation will be used more widely in the future. It leads to the situation that a translator should try harder to win the limitation of machine translation and to meet the requirements of the market. For more optimistic, John strongly highlighted on the development of technology that can play a role as a supporter for human, especially translator in the future.An Overview of ICT and e-learning (500-600w)Definition of ICT (100w Thanh)Generally, ICT or Information and Communicative Technologies are understood as technologies that support activities involving information. More specifically, according to Random House Dictionary, ICT is defined as a branch of knowledge (as cited in Khaled S. Lynne B.) that includes the combination of informatics t echnology with other, related technologies, specifically communication technology (Gokhe, p. 1), and as referred by Stephen Heppell, is the foundation of creativity and productivity (as cited in Megha Gokhe, p. 1). It is a diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, ad to make believe, disseminate, store and manage information (Meenaksi, 2013) which implies to be used, applied and integrated into all activities related to life, society and particularly in bringing up.E-learning An application of ICT in free-and-easy life (150w Cng)ICT has been applied in many ways in daily life. Celebic and Rendulic (2011) indicate some(prenominal) applications of ICT, namely providing internet services such as e-commerce, e-banking and e-government facilitating e-learning and teleworking environments and setting up virtual communities.The concept of e-learning varies in different research studies. In the broadest sense, e-learning means any form of learning that is en abled electronically (Abbad, Morris, Nahlik, 2009 Celebic, Rendulic, 2011). Its concept, however, is narrow down to mean any learning that is internet-enabled or blade-based (LaRose, Gregg Eastin, 2003 as cited in Abbad et al., 2009).E-Learning brings about many benefits for students, teachers and educational institutions. Firstly, e-learning benefit students by improving admission price to education and training (Alexander, 2001 as cited in Gilbert, Morton, Rowley, 2007) giving them adaptive time, place and pace of learning providing them with unrestricted repetition of lectures and creating multimedia environment with video, sound recording and text (Celebic Rendulic, 2011). Besides, for teachers and educational institutions, it reduces costs of conducting teaching, enables educational staff to implement the respective education in a short time and allows simple upgrade of materials. (Celebic and Rendulic, 2011).Web-based Learning and Web-based Application in Translation T raining (1400w)Definition and current situation of Web-based learning and Web-basedApplication in Translation Training (200w Thanh)Web-based learning is defined as a subset of e-learning and refers to learning using an internet browser such as the Moodle, Blackboard or Internet Explorer (Mikre, 2011, Operational definition of terms). Sarca (2008) defines web-based learning theory as education that occurs only through the Web, that is, it does not consist of any physical learning materials issued to students or actual face to face contact (Theory of Web-Based Learning, Web-Based English words Learning). Cook (2007) states web-based learning encompasses all educational interventions that make use of the internet (or a local intranet) (p. 37).Currently, web-based education is a promising field with the rising piece of students enrolled in online classes (Su, Bonk, Magjuka, Liu, Lee, 2005). Several studies (Lewis, Alexander Farris, 1997 Waits Lewis, 2003) estimates that the number of students taking distant programs has gone up from around 750,000 to more than three million within six pedantic years from 1994-1995 to 2000-2001 (as cited in Su et al., 2005). This learning form requires a network like the World Wide Web which enables language learners to over deduce the physical barriers in terms of time and space and quickly access materials in many foreign languages and cultures. Peter J. Yangs article mentions several advantages of learning via networks including access to authentic materials, flexible scheduling, positioning independence and enhanced communication (n.d., pp. 81-82).Roles of web-based learning (400w Thanh)Sarca identifies several roles including knowledge generation, collaboration and process management. In a web-based learning setting, the learner is expected to work out solutions to problems. Also, they are responsible for viewing issues and questions of the teacher and other students. Besides, students in the web-based learning enviro nment are recommended to work collaboratively and cooperatively so as to come up with deeper levels of ground of the course material. They are expected to share the resources and materials that they are finding with alternative learners. As for the role of process management, students are supposed to move with minimal guidelines, interact with one another and speak up when the discussions are moving into an uncomfortable zone (Sarca, 2008, p. 6).Strengths and Weaknesses (300w Cng)In general, online learning environment offers many advantages in comparison with traditional classrooms. Evans and Fan (2002) suggest three main benefits of learning online, namely place independence, flexible time and adaptive pace for study (as cited in ODonoghue, Singh Green, 2004). In addition, e-learning enables learners to select proper courses and learning material that can be reviewed as many times as necessary to enhance their understanding and specific skills (Jingyu, 2014). However, the lear ners may face several challenges and risks during online courses. Jingyus study (2014) shows unreasonable time management may pose them to the possibility of procrastination. As a result, learners must have much self-motivation, wise organization and plan to keep up with online courses (Jingyu, 2014). Besides, another concern is the loss of face-to-face interaction. The 2011 study carried by the University of Plymouth implied that online environment reduced both student-teacher interaction and the interaction with learners peers, which can cause feelings of isolation (as cited in ODonoghue, Singh Green, 2004).According to Micu and Sinu (2012), web-based tools has both advantages and disadvantages in terms of teaching and learning language translation. As to teaching written translation, they rely on the Internet accessibility. Regarding learning translation, Abraham indicates (2003) that students may benefit from web-based machine translation sites, online dictionaries, and languag e-related websites are sources that may frequently be consulted and used by foreign language learners (as cited in Micu Sinu, 2012, p. 124). However, they may misguidedly use these web-based tools due to lack of discussion and employment of such resources as part of their class activities. Another ostracise aspect is that resources from the Internet are not always reliable and of good quality since anyone can post information on the Web, including non-experts, and Web documents are not always subject to an editing process in the same way that printed documents usually are (Bowker, 2003 as cited in Micu Sinu, 2012, p. 124).Constructing and Utilizing Web Applications (500w Cng)Background and turn of web applicationsOver the years, the World Wide Web has rapidly evolved from a delivery system for static documents to a popular platform today for program distributed web applications. According to Stuttard and Pinto (2011), the World Wide Web formerly consisted only of information r epositories that contained static documents, and the information flowed in one way, from server to browser. Nowadays, most websites are highly functional applications counting on two-way flow of information between the server and browser (Stuttard Pinto, 2011).Joshi, Aref, Ghafoor and Spafford (2001) illustrate a web application as a three-tier architecture that consists of a Web client, network servers, and a back-end information system supported by a suite of databases. (p. 38). Chlipala (2015) claims that a web application of rich functionality today must generate HTML, for document structure CSS, for document formatting JavaScript, a scripting language for client-side interactivity and HTTP, a protocol for sending all of the preceding(prenominal) and more, to and from browsers. Common functions of a web app include shopping, social networking, banking and interaction information, etc. (Stuttard Pinto, 2011).Vosloo (n.d.) refers to using a Content Management System (CMS) and u sing a web framework as two main ways of building web applications today. CMSs, normally coming with such pre-built modules as discussion forums, FAQs and online polls, allows non-technical users with little knowledge about web development to add pages and content. A web framework, on the other hand, is intended for a more technical user. Web frameworks originate from the reusable regulation that is put in libraries for insideng tasks repeatedly (Vosloo, n.d.).Utilizing the Web App and Interaction in online learningIn her article, Sarica (2008) points out communication technologies are classified as asynchronous or synchronous. In the former one, technologies such as blogs, forum and e-mail are utilized so that people can participate and engage in the confederation without depending on others involvement at the same time. The later form synchronous, on the other hand, involves real-time activities of exchanging ideas and information among participants. The participants can take a dvantages of web-based learning because they can access resources in multiple formats anytime and anywhere as well as learn more independently and actively.Interaction is often regarded as a significant chemical element of a successful online learning. Palloff and Pratt (1999) claim that the keys to the learning process are the interactions among students themselves, the interactions between faculty and students, and the collaboration in learning that results from these interactions (as cited in Su et al., 2005, p.1). In addition, the evidence from some other research (Irani, 1998 Zhang Fulford, 1994 Zirkin Sumler, 1995) suggests more interaction means more students satisfaction and better learning outcomes (as cited in Su et al., 2005).Moore (1989) classified interaction into three categories, namely learner-instructor, learner-learner and learner-content. Learner-instructor interactions create an environment in which students are encouraged to have better understandings about th e content. Moore also indicate that learner-learner interactions take place among learners with or without the real-time presence of an instructor (as cited in Su et al., 2005). According to Garrison (1990), this type of interaction is found to motivate students and enable them to have better learning experiences (as cited in Sabry Baldwin, 2003). Sabry and Baldwin (2003) pointed out two forms of learner-learner interactions including asynchronously (non-real time) through using, for example, email or discussion boards, or synchronously (real-time) using, for example, conferencing and chat facilities (p. 445). Learner-content interaction is defined as the process of learners interacting intellectually with content, leading to changes in their understanding and perspective (Moore, 1989 as cited in Su et al., 2005). However, there is not much to discuss about it because interaction patterns vary on different contents (Su et al., 2005). Other types of interactions (as cited in Su et al., 2005, p.3) that are not widely discussed include vicarious interaction (Devries, 1996 Sutton, 2001) and learner-self interactions (Soo Bonk, 1998 Robertson, 2002).Su et al. (2005) suggest several technologies and instructional activities that will enhance learners understanding the subject matter and deepen their life-sustaining reflection and analysis skills. Some frequently used technologies that may be applied in online education to promote interactions include textbooks multimedia combining texts, audio and images via the Internet or CD-ROM streaming audio and video as well as synchronous and asynchronous communication tools, for instance discussion boards, flash messaging and file-sharing (McGreal, 2004 as cited in Su et al., 2005). The study by Gilbert, Morton and Rowley (2007) showed that students appreciated discussion forums or threads, and that many used them as their main mode of interaction. In addition to technologies, instructional activities can also promote c ourse interactions, thus enable students to understand the content better and improve their engagement in learning. Su et al. (2005) also cited several examples of educators employing instructional activities to enhance interactions and improve learning. Learner-instructor, for example, can be enhanced through virtual office hours (Branon Essex, 2001). Teamwork is emphasized in learner-learner interactions by Peter (2000). Likewise, Sutton (2001) stimulated students to read others discussions to learn through vicarious interactions. In respect of learner-content interactions, Kerka (1996) recommends students reply to questionnaires so that they can self-examine their views related to the content (as cited in Su et al., 2005).ReferencesMeenakshi. (2013). Importance of ICT in Education. IOSR, 1(4), 3-8. Retrieved from www.iosrjournals.orgMikre, F. (2011). The Roles of Information talk Technologies in Education. Ethiop. J. Educ. Sc, 6(2). Retrieved from http//www.ajol.info/index.php /ejesc/article/viewFile/73521/62437Abbad, M. M., Morris, D., Nahlik, C. d. (2009). Looking under the Bonnet Factors Affecting Student Adoption of E-Learning Systems in Jordan. multinational Review of Research in Open and standoffishness Learning, 10(2), 2.Abbasi, G., zadeh, S. S., Janfaza, E., Assemi, A., Dehghan, S. S. (2012). Language, Translation, and Culture. 2012 International Conference on Language, Medias and Culture (p. 83). Singapore IACSIT.Celebic, G., Rendulic, D. I. (2011). ITdesk.info project of computer e-education with open access. Zagreb Open Society for Idea Exchange. Retrieved from http//www.ITdesk.info/Chlipala, A. (2015). Ur/Web A Simple perplex for Programming the Web. Mumbai ACM.Clavijo, B., Marn, P. (2013). Identifying Translation Teaching Strategies An Exploratory interpret. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(21), 71-76.Cook, D. A. (2007). Web-based learning pros, cons and controversies. Clinical Medicine, 7(1), 37-42. Retrieve d from http//www.ncolr.org/Gilbert, J., Morton, S., Rowley, J. (2007). e-Learning The student experience. British Journal of educational Technology, 38(4), 560-573. doi10.1111/j.1467-8535.2007.00723.xJingyu, L. (2014). Pros and Cons Web Based Education. International Conference on Education, Management and Computing Technology (pp. 459-461). Xinyu Atlantis.Joshi, J. B., Aref, W. G., Ghafoor, A., Spafford, E. H. (2001). Security models for web-based applications. Communications of the ACM, 44(2), 38-44.Lei, M. (1999). Translation Teaching in China. Meta Translators Journal, 44(1), 198-208. doi10.7202/003677arMicu, C. S., Sinu, R. (2012). Web-Based Methods and Tools in Teaching Translation and Interpreting. The 7 International Conference on Virtual Learning ICVL 2012, (pp. 121-124). Transilvania University of Brasov. Retrieved from http//www.icvl.eu/Newmark, P. (1988). A Textbook of Translation. Hertfordshire Prentice HaH International vUIO. Retrieved from http//ilts.ir/Content/ilt s.ir/ page/142/ContentImage/A%20Textbook%20of%20Translation%20by%20Peter%20Newmark%20(1).pdfODonoghue, J., Singh, G., Green, C. (2004). A comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of IT based education and the implications upon students. Interactive Educational Multimedia, 63-76.Sabry, K., Baldwin, L. (2003). Web-based learning interaction and learning styles. British Journal of Educational Technology, 34(4), 443-454. Retrieved from https//pdfs.semanticscholar.org/Sarca, G. N. (2008, May 6). WEB-BASED face LANGUAGE LEARNING. Eskiehir, Turkey.Stuttard, D., Pinto, M. (2011). The Web Application Hackers Handbook Finding and Exploiting Security Flaws. Indiana John Wiley Sons.Su, B., Bonk, C. J., Magjuka, R. J., Liu, X., Lee, S.-h. (2005). The Importance of Interaction in Web-Based Education A Program-level Case Study of Online MBA Courses. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 4(1), 1-5. Retrieved from http//www.ncolr.org/Vosloo, I. (n.d.). Web-based development Putting pra ctice into theory. Retrieved from http//www.cs.up.ac.za/cs/sgruner/Festschrift/paper20.pdf, . (2008). THE WORLD OF INTERPRETING AND TRANSLATING. -.Sarca, G. N. (2008, May 6). Web-based English Language Learning. Paper presented at the 8th International Educational Technology Conference, Anadolu University, Eskiehir, Turkey.Su, B., Bonk, C. J., Magjuka, R. J., Liu, X., Lee, S.-h. (2005). The Importance of Interaction in Web-Based Education A Program-level Case Study of Online MBA Courses. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 4(1), 1-5. Retrieved from http//www.ncolr.org/Yang, P. J. (n.d.). Networked Multimedia and Foreign Language Education. CALICO, 15(1-3), 80-82. Retrieved from https//calico.org/hypertext markup language/article_444.pdf

Education Essays Distance Education Learning

k this instantledge Essays outdo tuition cultivation length Education LearningInformation Technology and Distance LearningIntroductionDistance direction, or outstrip eruditeness, is a force field of learning that depends on the Information technology, and instructional strategys that plan to provide skill to students who are physically not present in a class room setting. In stead of attending courses personally, teachers and students herald at times of their convenience and choosing and exchange printed or electronic material through whatsoever suitable technology.Online education can be as recognise as a tangible and synergistic culture experience through which students can earn even a doctoral degree. Virtual schoolrooms using up the cyberspace to call for a mutual multimedia experience where hotshot can have video conferences, video lessons and other stimulating breeding expected values. Concept f distant schooling is not refreshing as it was University of London that first galloped surmount learning degrees, establishing its External Program in 1858 come upon Facts.Distance learning is the delivery of instruction and the fulfillment of course work from remote locations allowing teachers and students to interact without being in the same place. New technologies have made distance learning an increasingly popular option for institutions and students alike.The Internet, e-mail, video conferencing, and other interactive systems allow schools to experiment with unique modes of teaching and learning, use resources that do not reside on their own campuses, and attract faculty and students who are far from campus or cannot travel to campus very often. The first Open University is United Kingdom Open University (UKOU) that was established in the late 1960s and initially utilized television and radio as its main methodologies. Now a days al intimately all open universities use distance education technologies as basic teaching approach Mo ore, Michael G (33-36).Advantages of Distance learning Although there is no substitute for regular education system but distance learning is contributing considerably in the field of education. A distance learning program has a number of advantages. It provides opportunity to the learners to have bittie interference in the professional life. It is an excellent alternative for those who look for improving their careers or who require some special form of training.Online distance education is rapidly increasing among mainstream universities in the United States, where online doctoral programs have even developed at prestigious research institutions Hebert, D. G.2007. Some throng who work cannot reconcile to spare time for regular classes and at the same time need to enhance their skills for further development in career. Some people who want to examine in prestigious institutions and do not get opportunity to physically join such institute for want of finances or inter judicatur e permissions also reconstruct us e of this system to obtain the required education.Distance learning can offer them experience to learn through new technologies, methods and approaches and gain knowledge and practical experience. Distance learning programs are easier to be planned as it needs a smaller amount of time and commitment. Distance learning programs present more geographic flexibility.They also offer introduce the learners to students of various origins and afford them an opportunity to have interaction. Distance learning programs offer nark to faculty in many different locations where as class work can be scheduled according to personal and professional approachability. Distance learning does not involve travel and saves time that otherwise was to be spent on going and driving back.A learner can complete a cosmic amount of the classes at convenience. Most of the classes under distance learning programs dont require even to attend a session at a particular time and pl ace. A learner can do and review the assignments and can do crime syndicatework at its convenience. Distance learning programs make it extremely comfortable for ladies in particular and parents in general that have kids. This allows such parents not to look for care exhibitions because they can take of both kids and classes from home at the same time.Information technology made the whole affairs very easy as online classes solved all possible convenience concerns. It is extremely useful for disabled persons and senior citizens who impression it hard to attend customary regular classes. They now are not untold worried and concerned astir(predicate) having access to a classroom. Instead they can use comfortable settings in their home making the learning environments more convenient. As a result people with restricted mobility also have a chance to develop their education and shills.Virtual education is now an integral section of the planning by most institutions and training a rrangings. The worth of distance learning has greatly improved over a period of time in last many years, because both students and educators feel more relaxed with the technology. While quality of distance learning has improved at the same time distance learning programs also significantly ontogenesisd.It is heartening to dislodge out that distance learning organizations are now being fully recognized by the proper government agencies. The objective of official approval is to make sure that education provided by such virtual institutions meets satisfactory standard of excellence.Distance learning offers a number of advantages and opportunities for non resident students from other countries seeking an veritable degree of some high standard institutes. Possibly the most pertinent advantage involves easy approach of learning as a result animation away from the hassle of applying for a student visa to ponder in a particularized country . Distance learning provides geographic flexi bility to speculate in any convenient location with an internet connection and involves setting self tempo for learning Distance Learning MBA.Through use of technology it becomes easier to pronto look through study materials and can be well mastered. Distance learning is so designed that it allows a learner focus more potently on curriculum, time and effort in fields that contain new information and proficiency. Distance learning also allows a learner to obtain study materials at convenience and amount at a faster speed against that of slow pace of the normal classroom settings. The learners join conversations in the communiqu board tidings areas with flexibility and get instant feed back in form of reviews from online classmates comments.Distance learning is just in time learning method that offers prospect to study the up to date study material available.The most significant feature of distance learning is helping students to do well in nett base classes by creating ability t o administer and manage time. A normal student can easily spend 2 to 3 hours each calendar week for every one hour of credit for a class.Disadvantages of Distance Learning Where Distance learning has a large number of advantages it posses some inherent weaknesses as well. Basic aspect being that it is not for everyone, since it presents inadequate or rather no physical contact with associate classmates and staff. It also does not offer any social interaction and its all formal Randall S. Hansen, Ph. D. Distance learning at the same time does not offer the networking chance making distance learning a less vital option for career development.It is also not a good choice for someone who works in better interactive environment. The distance learning does not contain analysis of personality of a student as career placement. Distance learning programs do not offer all study disciplines making choices very limited since the technology and form of learning are comparatively new and does no t go with all requirements of curriculums. Distance learning programs do not offer scholarship because learners are expected to work during the program over a long time with no much expense.Where as the distance learning is costly and involves intricate technology. Regardless of the lot of openings through distance education, there are foreseeable associated costs. Live video dialogue requires cautious setting up of the equipment and services. For online learning a computer with accessories and link to the internet and camera is essential. Both the instructors and students require much advance planning and man joining distance learning may require adjustments of normal activities.Distance learning does not offer realistic feedback. In a usual classroom situation, a students routine can be right away reviewed during questions and informal tests. But With distance learning, a student gets instructors feedback till the instructor has evaluated the work and sends a reply to. As distan ce learning does not always offer all the necessary courses online many students desirous to obtain specific certificate or degree program may not attain the required qualifications. No discipline requiring practical can be offered through online programs as one can study a biology lesson completely online, but cannot perform clinical practical online.Although the majority of employers do recognize distance learning but certain employers do not. Students who desire to work for an employer after graduation are required to be certain of such employers viewpoint about online distance education.Another weakness associated with distance learning is that it does not provide the learners any opportunity to work on spoken communication ability. Although it is some what possible with component chat or conferencing but is still quite tough to understand in a voice conference settings. More over learners in distance learning courses do not get sufficient practice of verbal interaction with pr ofessors and other students though written ability improves.Challenges and Future of Distance Learning Distance learning is becoming increasingly a leading study approach particularly in office and workplace education settings in organization of different fields and dimension. Universities all over the world are improving their techniques of edification and considering enduring education and eventual learning as an essential element in teaching learning environment. Almost all education institutions of that level are using Information and Communication Technology as a intend of knowledge delivery. Customary learning is also being restructured in the form of virtual learning or web-based knowledge.In countries where education is one of the neglected field distances and technology-based education is given least precedence. The large educational institutions and those who are involved in rule making do not think towards this end. Such countries hardiness noteworthy challenges to make a way through new challenges in modern education with their ever growing populace, remoteness and vast scattered areas with non availability of modern information technology resources and limited funding as well.Despite the difficulties, where nations have a entrust to progress make their educational institutions expand sufficiently to accommodate the increasing number of on line students who will be looking for admission in such kind of education. Introducing web-based learning being one of the predictable solutions will take place to expand in future as well.Challenges to distance learning are normal components of any system, method, practice and without challenges there is little or no scope for perfection. Distance learning is widely used in developed countries to support education and eventual learning. This approach will continue and will be adopted by those countries as well which are not yet developed.Distance learning will remain distinctive in future as well as an innov ative approach for electronically delivering, well-designed, learner oriented at anywhere, anytime through use of the internet. Distance learning will remain as part of E learning , web based learning through virtual classrooms and digital teamwork, where contents will continue to be delivered through internet, audio, video tape, and conferencing through video satellite and etc(Hedge 2004128-145). The rapid and intense use of Information and communication Technology in education will continue to play a role in developed countries facilitating them to establish more and more information and communication technology based universities. Although the arrangement of information and communication technology in the developing or the least developed countries is very weak and thus, concentrated use of e-learning in Distance Education is still a dream for their high education universities (Toor 2005 67-76).ConclusionAlthough distance education is not a new trend, but has got a huge increase due to developing technology. Distance education delivery will finally emerge as strong education approach with use of phone, desktop and TV at a same time in future. When distance learning commenced using information technology, it was not well accepted and the equipment needed to provide it was expensive.That has now radically changed. And technology is being well used in video, audio text, graphics, animation, and simulation. Distance education is undergoing huge transformation and has and will never reach to a stage of saturation as much is yet to be explored and presented in this field. New and well established institutions are coming up with latest equipment and large data base to provide distance learning to a growing population that wants higher education out of traditional classroom setting.Work citedKey Facts, University of London External Program weathervanesite http//www.londonexternal.ac.uk/about_us/facts.shtmlMoore, Michael G. Greg Kearsley (2005) Distance Education A Systems View, Second, Belmont, CA Wadsworth., (33-36)Hebert, D. G. (2007). Five Challenges and Solutions in Online Music Teacher Education, Research and Issues in MusicEducation, Vol.5 Web http//www.stthomas.edu/rimeonline/Distance Learning MBA http//www.mba.com/mba/FindYourProgram/ChooseAProgramType/DistanceLearning.htmRandall S. Hansen, Ph. D Distance Learning Pros and Cons http//www.quintcareers.com/distance_learning_pros-cons.htmlHedge, N. and Hayward, L. 2004 Redefining roles University e-learning contributing to Life long learning in a networked world. E-Leaning, 1 (128-145)Toor S K, 2005 Hybrid assume for e-Learning at Virtual University of Pakistan The Electronic Journal of e-Learning Volume 3 Issue 1, (67-76).

Jess Martin The Theme Of The Outsiders :: essays research papers

The Outsiders, an enthralling tale by S.E. Hinton, is an excellent story about the hardships and triumphs experienced by the Greasers and the Socs, two rival gangs. This wise suggests the stories content because the Greasers atomic number 18 a gang of social outcasts and misfits. This unfermenteds theme is very specific people, no matter what their social background, strive for the same goals and experience the same disappointments. This novel shows this theme throughout a detailed story line.The fictional novel is fixate in a moderate-size city, possibly near Texas, in the late 1960s. Ponyboy, the main character, lives with his brothers as a greaser. One day Ponyboy and Johnny, Ponyboys best friend, get jumped by a group of Socs. The Socs start to drown Ponyboy in a fountain. Johnny, realizing they might kill Ponyboy, kills Bob, one of the Socs with his switchblade. Johnny and Ponyboy run to a fellow Greaser, dally, who is always in trouble with the law. Dally helps them by gi ving them some money, a gun, and a place to hide. They hide in a church outside of town for a week until Dally says its okay to come out. They go out to eat and when they get back to the church they find it burning. When they see that there atomic number 18 kids inside and the fire could have been started by their cigarettes, they run inside to save the kids. Johnny and Dally are hurt in the fire and taken to the hospital. They are hailed as heroes in the local paper. Dally breaks out of the hospital to fight in a rumble against the Socs. While the Greasers beat the Socs, Johnny dies in the hospital. When Dally finds out he goes out and robs a grocery store. When the cops pull up he pulls out an empty gun so the cops shoot him.The theme of this novel is that all people are set back at times and they all want the same basic things. This theme is expressed in the novel several times. Disappointments are shown when Bob dies and the Socs grieve for him, when Ponyboys parents die and th ey are upset, and when Johnny dies and it disturbs the Greasers. It is shown that the Greasers and Socs strive for the same goals when Darry, Ponyboys older brother, tells him that he should succeed in school and make something of himself, and

The Role of Music During and After Puerto Rican Migration to the United

The Role of Music During and After Puerto Rican Migration to the United States For Puerto Ricans, medicament served infinite purposes. It allowed for the formation and reformation of cultural views and opinions, through the lyrics in the songs. These views were constantly changing, which in turn fed into the ever evolving identity of the Puerto Rican people. As a vehicle of expression it stimulated thought and provided a method of communication for the community. In The Puerto Rican community of New York City the increasing popularity of music indicated a desire for Puerto Rican based and oriented entertainment but more importantly for case unity. For the musicians themselves music served as an outlet for creativity while doubling as a secondary source of economic growth.In Puerto Rico music became the major(ip) avenue for social acceleration. Musicians on both the island and the mainland looked to music as a career choice that would eventually lead to amassed wealth . This opinion, however, was not universal as the velocity classes saw music as simply a hobby. The white and more affluent populations... did not see music as a step up the social or economic ladder (Glasser 32). Many musicians migrated to the mainland in search of a musical career that would reap fame and fortune. For blacks and mulattos from an impoverished background, music could be a means of upward mobility (31). Within the confines of their economical situation there was a dire necessity for improvement that was readily available in the music industry or so they thought. Unfortunately the will and desire of the people did not suffice in a society where the mere color of the jumble automatically closed many doors. This aspect of American soc... ...an era. For the Puerto Rican community music created an outlet for their pain and sorrow as seen in Lamento Borincano. Also it established a much needed nationally recognized identity based on a common culture as opposed to the pi gmentation of the skin. Glassers loose interpreting of race channeled the readers attention more onto the issue of race and what it should mean. For Glasser race is equated with color. Although I disagree with the statement, it is a viable one. The ambiguity of the word creates the problem. Her inconsistency with her terms shows a lack of preparation. This problem could have been easily remedied with a brief explanation of the terms used and her stance on the issue.Bibliography Glasser, Ruth. My Music is my Flag Puerto Rican Musicians and their New York Communities 1917-1940. (University of calcium Press Berkeley, 1995).

George Bush :: essays research papers

GEORGE BUSH&9The votes were in the election was over. On the 20th of January 1989, Republican George Herbert Walker Bush became the forty-first chairperson of the United States. After share two previous terms as Ronald Reagans Vice President, he defeated Governor of Massachusetts Michael S. Dukakis to earn his new title. Bush had become President at a time when many Americans were uncertain about their countrys future. The federal government was intensely in debt out-of-pocket to prior years of budget deficits. Imported foods were to a greater extent valuable then exports which questioned the United States economic standing. Foreign policy was also a topic well discussed by Americans. Bush seemed to be doing a right(a) job with it wholly and in the midst of his presidency a second term seemed to be a sure thing for him. However, the 1992 election marked the decision of his reign he lost by a great margin to democrat William J. Clinton who may I add was ulterior impeached&9Geo rge Bush was born(p) on June 12, 1924, in Milton, Massachusetts to Prescott Sheldon Bush and Dorothy Walker Bush. Prescott Bush worked in an investing firm, but ended up moving his family to Connecticut where he later on developed a strong interest in politics which led to his position as Senator of Connecticut. Bush had three brothers and one sister who were all brought up strictly and well-mannered. He attended private Greenwich Day School and exclusive Phillips Academy where he was indeed popular. Along with his good grades, Bush was president of the senior class, captain of the baseball and soccer teams, and also played varsity basketball. After graduating prep school in 1942, his original plans of attending Yale University had been delayed due to the U.S. interest in World War II. He enlisted in the U.S. National Reserve where he received flight training and became the Navys youngest pilot. In 1942, he flew the U.S.S. San Jacinto in the Pacific Ocean where he took part in dang erous fighting. His plane was shot down, but luckily, unlike his two crew members, he was rescued by the U.S.S. Finback, a U.S. submarine. Bush was recognized for his brave, heroic efforts by receiving the Distinguished Flying Cross, and after recovery served at the Oceana Naval Air Station until the end of the war in August of 1945.&9Shortly before the end of the war, George Bush married Barbara Pierce, a lady he once met at a Christmas dance.